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The information and knowledge that is contained in UFOdexSM is the result
of purchasing out of print books, papers and research primarily from individuals
that have followed the UFO subject for decades. Some obscure and valuable materials
have been collected from the National Archives, Library of Congress and rare book
dealers. Additionally, material that is posted to the web is routinely captured
and stored. Note that about 40% of the web changes every year, so useful information
is often permanently lost. Mining of the Deep-Web for information is another central
effort to capture UFO related knowledge. See Overview for definition of the Deep-Web.
- Browse: Click the forward-facing arrow to browse available pages. If you’re
in one-page mode, simply scroll down to see all available pages. You can also choose
to view the book in full-screen mode (filling your browser window).
- Search within the book: Click on additional search results to see other pages
containing your original search term, or try a new search within the book.
- Buy the book: Click on one of the links to online booksellers to go to directly
to a page where you can buy the book.
- Find it in a library: Many books have Library Links. Look for the "Find this
book in a library" link to find a local library that has a copy. Learn more.
- Learn about the publisher: Click the publisher's logo to go to the publisher's
website and find more books from that publisher.
There is virtually no question which occurs more frequently to those
in the publishing community than "how much of someone else's work may I use without
asking permission?" The answer rests in the concept of "fair use" and the fair use
exception in the Copyright Act.
Fair use is a limitation on the exclusive rights of the copyright owner.
The roots of what we today refer to as fair use are well established in our early
English common law tradition. The "fair use doctrine" is a complex exception to
the "limited monopoly" vested in authors by the United States Constitution and Copyright
Act. The guiding principle of the fair use doctrine is to make available, for limited
purposes, reasonable public access to copyrighted works.
In determining whether a particular use is a Fair Use, 17 U.S.C § 107
enumerates four "fair use factors" that need to be analyzed in order to determine
whether a particular use of a copyrighted work is fair use. These factors are:
- The purpose and character of the use, including whether such use is of a commercial
nature or is for nonprofit educational purposes; In the case of UFOdexSM
it is non-profit and for educational and research purposes.
- The nature of the copyrighted work; The majority of UFOdexSM
holdings are out of print and rare materials that now are more accessible to users
and potentially increase the value of the copyrighted work.
- The amount and substantiality of the portion used in relation to the copyrighted
work as a whole; UFOdexSM does not allow the
complete copying of a copyrighted work only 25 words are viewable in the results
snippet and when someone views the work they can access just a few pages.
- The effect of the use upon the potential market for or value of the copyrighted
work. UFOdexSM enhances the value of the copyrighted
material because more people can now access the material, understand it, reference
it and purchase it.
Because the courts consider all four factors - no single factor is and
of itself sufficient to prove fair use - publishers need to understand each factor
as it relates to determining whether use of the original copyrighted work in the
creation of a new work will be considered fair use in the eyes of the court.
It is the UFOdexSM Intelligence
Foundation conclusion that materials in UFOdexSM
are being reasonably accessed via the Fair Use exception as provided for in 17 U.S.C
§ 107. However, this website may contain copyrighted material the use of which
has not been specifically authorized by the copyright owner but is considered Fair
Use. The vast majority of the books included are out of print, yet there is still
a way for interested users of the search tool to access the limited content, which
facilitates purchase of the book from primary or secondary markets. This website
distributes this material without profit to those who have expressed a prior interest
in receiving the included information for research and educational purposes.
Furthermore, the online archives of google books, Amazon look-inside-the-book
are far more intrusive than UFOdexSM. With recent
lawsuits, there is now good legal precedent that UFOdexSM
is completely reasonable fair use of copyrighted material.
The intent is to support foreign language materials, when sufficient
funding is available. We estimate that at least one other language will be available
within a year.
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